A corneal transplant, also known as keratoplasty, is a surgical procedure that replaces a damaged or diseased cornea with healthy donor tissue. The cornea is the clear, dome-shaped surface at the front of the eye that helps to focus light, and any damage to it can result in significant vision impairment or blindness. During the procedure, the surgeon removes the central portion of the damaged cornea and then precisely places and secures the donor cornea in its place with fine sutures. There are different types of corneal transplants, including full-thickness (penetrating keratoplasty) and partial-thickness (lamellar keratoplasty), depending on the specific layers of the cornea that need to be replaced. Corneal transplants have a high success rate, but recovery can take several months, and there is a risk of complications such as graft rejection, infection, or astigmatism. Post-operative care is crucial, with patients needing to use prescribed eye drops and attend regular follow-up appointments to monitor healing and prevent complications.